Food Truck License California Requirements: What You Need to Know

California’s food truck industry is booming. As of 2023, the state boasts approximately 833 food trucks, and this number continues to rise as more entrepreneurs tap into the growing demand for convenient, high-quality street food.

With its diverse food culture, high foot traffic, and year-round great weather, it’s one of the best places to launch a mobile food business. However, securing the proper licenses and permits is critical before hitting the road.

Skipping this process or missing even one requirement can lead to costly fines, temporary shutdowns, or even the loss of your business altogether—but it’s manageable if you understand what’s required.

Licenses and permits you need to operate a food truck in California

Chad, a co-founder of YXE Street Food, describes the appeal for this type of business, saying, “Food trucks will remain popular because they provide one of the most important experiences in modern business: FUN!”

However, obtaining the necessary licenses and permits may seem daunting. Running one involves more than just having a unique or fun food truck idea and serving delicious food. It also requires compliance with state, county, and city regulations.

1. Business license

Before you start serving customers, you need a general business license, which legally allows you to operate within a specific city or county.

Each city and county has its own regulations, and you might need multiple business licenses if you plan to operate in different locations. This license is issued by the city or county clerk’s office, and the application process usually involves providing details about your business structure, location, and estimated revenue.

In California, the cost varies but typically ranges from $50 to $500.

Every city or county where you plan to sell food might also require a separate business license, so check with your local government office to understand the exact costs and renewal requirements.

Some cities also require a local business tax certificate, which means you must register and pay taxes specific to that area. These tax certificates will show that your business contributes to local revenue and complies with municipal regulations. Ignoring these requirements could lead to fines or even an operational suspension.

2. Seller’s permit

Since you’ll be selling food, you must obtain a seller’s permit from the California Department of Tax and Fee Administration (CDTFA). This permit authorizes you to collect and report sales tax from your customers, which is required for any business selling tangible goods, including food and beverages.

Applying for a seller’s permit is a straightforward process that can be completed online through the CDTFA website. While the permit itself is free, you’re responsible for accurately tracking sales and remitting taxes to the state regularly.

Once you receive your seller’s permit, you’ll need to display it prominently in your food truck. You must also ensure that your POS system is programmed to collect the correct sales tax rate based on your operating location.

Additionally, some local jurisdictions require businesses to file periodic sales tax returns, even if no sales tax is owed. Keeping track of tax deadlines and setting reminders for filing requirements will help you avoid late fees and maintain compliance with state tax laws. If you’re unsure about tax obligations, consulting with an accountant or tax professional can help you stay on track.

3. Health permit and food safety certification

When it comes to running a food truck in California, securing a health permit is one of the most important steps you’ll take. The state enforces some of the strictest food safety laws in the country, and every food truck is required to meet rigorous health and sanitation standards before opening for business.

Issued by your county’s Environmental Health Department, this permit confirms that your truck’s kitchen meets all safety guidelines, including refrigeration, food storage, cooking equipment, and waste disposal systems.

To obtain a health permit, you’ll need to schedule an inspection with your county’s health officials. They will check everything from proper refrigeration temperatures to how you handle and store raw ingredients. Your food truck must have designated areas for washing, storing, and preparing food safely. Cross-contamination is a big concern, so you’ll also need separate sinks for handwashing and dishwashing. If you fail the inspection, you’ll have to make the necessary changes and schedule another review before you can legally operate.

Since health regulations vary by county, check with your local health department for specifics on inspections, permit fees, and renewal requirements. Some counties require additional documentation or specific equipment modifications, so being proactive can save you time and money in the long run.

4. Employee health permit (food handler’s license)

Every employee who prepares or handles food in your truck must have a food handler’s license, also known as an employee health permit. The local county health department issues this certification, which proves that workers understand food safety principles, including proper sanitation, temperature control, cross-contamination prevention, and personal hygiene.

California requires all food workers to complete a food safety training course and pass a test to receive a Food Handlers Card. The course covers essential topics such as preventing foodborne illnesses, safe food storage and preparation, as well as cleaning and sanitizing procedures. Training programs are available online or in person, and the cost typically ranges between $10 and $50 per employee.

In many counties, this permit must be renewed every two to three years—failing to ensure all employees are certified can result in fines during a health inspection. If you plan to hire staff, have them complete food safety training while onboarding as soon as possible.

5. Mobile food facility permit (MFF)

In California, food trucks fall under a category known as mobile food facilities (MFFs). This means that in addition to a health permit, you’ll need a mobile food facility permit. This shows that your food truck meets all operational and sanitation standards required for mobile food businesses.

Before applying for this permit, you’ll need to submit a detailed layout of your truck’s kitchen to your county’s health department. They want to see exactly where you’ll store food, where your sinks and cooking equipment are located, and how your wastewater will be disposed of.

Your truck must also have working refrigeration, a potable water supply, and adequate ventilation. Wastewater management is especially important, as you need to show a proper method for disposing of dirty water. Dumping it in a public drain or on the street is illegal and can lead to fines.

Once you submit your plans, an inspector will visit your truck to verify that everything is set up correctly. Some counties also require you to park your truck at an approved commissary when not in use, where you can safely store food and clean your equipment. If your truck passes the inspection, you’ll be issued an MFF Permit, allowing you to operate legally within your approved locations.

6. Fire safety permit

If your food truck operates any cooking equipment that produces flames, grease, or heat, including deep fryers, propane stoves, or grills, you’ll need a fire safety permit. Fire safety is a serious concern for mobile food businesses, as cooking in a confined space increases the risk of fire.

Each city has slightly different requirements, but in general, your truck must be equipped with:

• A class K fire extinguisher designed for grease fires
• A type ABC fire extinguisher, which covers electrical and standard fires
• A fire suppression system installed in your cooking area
• Proper ventilation and exhaust hoods to control smoke and grease buildup
• Securely mounted propane tanks with proper leak detection measures

To get a fire safety permit, you’ll need to schedule an inspection with the local fire department. They’ll check your truck’s setup and ensure that your employees know how to operate fire safety equipment in case of an emergency. If any issues are found, you’ll have to address them before getting approval to operate. Fire inspections are often required annually, so keep track of renewal deadlines to avoid lapses in compliance.

7. Parking and location permits

Finding a legal place to park and operate your food truck can be one of the biggest challenges in California. Every city has its own regulations on where food trucks can set up shop, and many require additional location permits to see that you comply with zoning laws.

Some cities, such as Los Angeles and San Diego, have designated food truck zones where you can park and serve customers without additional approvals. Other cities require you to apply for a specific parking permit, which may restrict how long you can stay in one spot. If you plan to operate in multiple cities, you may need separate permits for each location.

In some areas, food trucks are completely banned from operating on public streets and are only allowed on private property, such as business parking lots or event spaces. If you plan to set up on private land, you’ll need written permission from the property owner. Some counties also require a property use agreement outlining details, such as operating hours and waste disposal.

Parking regulations can change frequently, so check with the local city or county offices before selecting your operating locations. Avoiding legal trouble with parking authorities will help your business run without unexpected fines or shutdowns.

8. Commissary agreement

A commissary agreement is another requirement for food trucks in California. A commissary is a licensed commercial kitchen where you can prepare food, clean your truck, and store supplies when you’re not operating. Most counties require food trucks to be affiliated with a commissary to ensure access to proper sanitation facilities.

Health inspectors will want proof that you have a signed agreement with a commissary before approving your health permit. You’ll need to provide documentation showing that you have a designated space for food preparation, equipment cleaning, and ingredient storage. Some food trucks rent space in shared commissary kitchens while others build their own facilities.

Choosing the right commissary is important. Look for one that offers the services you need, such as cold storage, dishwashing stations, and waste disposal. Some commissaries also provide additional business support, like ingredient sourcing and networking opportunities with other food truck operators.

Keeping up with your commissary agreement is just as important as securing the permit itself. Many agreements must be renewed annually, and failing to comply with health department requirements can result in fines or permit revocation.

9. Driver’s license

Operating a food truck requires more than just a great menu. You also need to legally drive your vehicle. A valid state driver’s license and vehicle registration are required, just like for any other motor vehicle. In most cases, a standard driver’s license is sufficient. However, if your food truck exceeds a certain weight or length, you may need a commercial driver’s license (CDL).

California, like many states, determines CDL requirements based on the gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of your truck. If your vehicle weighs more than 26,000 pounds, you will likely need a Class B CDL.

The cost of obtaining a driver’s license varies by state and type but generally falls between $10 and $100. If you need a CDL, expect additional costs, including fees for training programs and exams, which can range from $1,000 to $8,000, depending on the school and state.

To apply for a driver’s license or CDL, visit your local Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV). If your truck requires a CDL, you may also need to pass a medical exam and a skills test, proving you can handle a larger vehicle safely.

10. Liquor license (if applicable)

If you plan to serve alcoholic beverages from your food truck, you must obtain a liquor license from the California Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control (ABC). Unlike standard food truck permits, liquor licenses are more challenging to secure and vary depending on the type of alcohol you plan to sell.

California offers different types of liquor licenses, including:

• Type 40 (on-sale beer license): Allows you to serve beer.
• Type 41 (on-sale beer & wine license): Permits the sale of beer and wine.
• Type 47 (on-sale general license): Required if you plan to sell distilled spirits in addition to beer and wine.

The cost of a liquor license depends on factors such as location and availability. Fees range from $300 to over $15,000, with some licenses in high-demand areas requiring additional bidding through the state’s lottery system. The approval process can take several months as applicants must pass background checks, meet zoning requirements, and comply with local ordinances.

If alcohol sales are part of your business model, start this application process well in advance of your planned launch date. Contact the California ABC to determine which license you need and make sure to comply with state regulations.

Common mistakes to avoid when applying for a food truck license

Getting your food truck licensed in California requires careful attention to detail. Many food truck owners make costly mistakes that lead to delays, fines, or even shutdowns. If you want to avoid unnecessary setbacks and get your food truck up and running smoothly, be aware of these common pitfalls.

Submitting incomplete or incorrect paperwork

One of the biggest mistakes you can make is turning in your application with missing or incorrect information. Licensing authorities require a complete business plan, truck specifications, proof of insurance, and safety compliance documents. If you rush through the paperwork or fail to provide all the necessary details, your application will be delayed or rejected.

Double-check every form before submitting it. If any part of the application is unclear, contact the local permitting office for clarification. You can also work with a licensing expert or legal professional to ensure your paperwork is error-free. Keep copies of all documents submitted so you have a record in case of any disputes or resubmission needs.

Ignoring local zoning laws

Not every city or county in California allows food trucks to operate freely. Some areas have strict zoning laws that regulate where you can park and sell food. If you ignore these regulations, you risk fines, forced relocation, or a complete business shutdown.

Before launching your food truck, research city-specific food truck ordinances. Contact the city planning or zoning department to find out where food trucks can operate legally. Some cities have designated food truck zones, while others require specific location permits. If you plan to operate on private property, secure a written agreement from the property owner to avoid legal issues.

Overlooking health requirements

Health inspections are a major part of the licensing process, and failing to meet California’s strict health and safety standards can lead to a license denial. If your truck isn’t equipped with proper refrigeration, handwashing stations, or a compliant food storage system, you won’t pass inspection.

Before scheduling an inspection, make sure your truck meets all the California Environmental Health Department standards. Your truck must have the following:

• Separate sinks for handwashing, dishwashing, and food prep
• Refrigeration that keeps perishable items at the correct temperature
• Properly stored cleaning chemicals to prevent contamination
• Waste disposal plans that comply with health codes
• Food handlers who have completed mandatory food safety training

Like managing a restaurant team, you should train your staff on food safety procedures, including how to store, prepare, and serve food safely. Conduct your own internal inspections to catch and correct any potential violations before the official health inspection.

Skipping fire safety regulations

If your food truck uses propane, grills, fryers, or other heat-producing equipment, you must comply with fire safety regulations. Many food truck owners overlook fire safety requirements, leading to failed inspections or even dangerous fire hazards.

Schedule a fire inspection early in your licensing process. Train all employees on fire safety protocols, including how to use fire extinguishers and handle emergencies. Fire inspections may need to be renewed annually, so stay on top of deadlines to maintain compliance.

Failing to keep track of renewals and deadlines

Your food truck licenses and permits are not one-time requirements—they need to be renewed periodically. Many food truck operators make the mistake of letting their permits expire, leading to costly penalties or a temporary shutdown.

To stay compliant, create a calendar with renewal dates for all your permits, including your business license, seller’s permit, health permit, fire permit, and parking permit. Set reminders a few months in advance so you have enough time to gather any required documentation before renewal deadlines.

Here’s a quick outline of the key renewals you need to track:

What should you do if your food truck license is denied or revoked?

If your application is denied or your license is revoked, don’t panic. You can take these steps to fix the issue and get back on track.

Identify the reason for the denial

The licensing authority will provide a reason for rejection. Common reasons include missing documents, non-compliance with health codes, or unpaid fees. Carefully review the explanation and address the specific issue.

Correct the mistakes and reapply

Once you understand why your application was denied, fix the errors and resubmit. If missing paperwork is the problem, gather the required documents. If you fail an inspection, make the necessary improvements and schedule a re-evaluation.

Appeal the decision (if necessary)

If you believe your application was wrongly denied, you may have the option to appeal. Contact the licensing authority to understand the appeal process and deadlines. Provide any additional information that supports your case.

Improve compliance to prevent future issues

If your license was revoked due to repeated violations, take corrective actions immediately. Implement better food safety protocols, make sure your truck meets fire safety regulations, and stay up-to-date on local zoning laws. Regularly inspect your truck and operations to catch potential issues before authorities do.

Seek professional guidance

If the licensing process feels overwhelming or if you’ve been denied multiple times, consult with a professional. Attorneys, business consultants, or industry experts can help you navigate local regulations and improve your chances of approval.

Start your food truck business with confidence

When dealing with these, it is important to be proactive, research local regulations, and plan for permit costs and inspections ahead of time. The effort you put into securing your paperwork now will keep your business running in the long run.

Managing a food truck means juggling schedules, tracking employees, and staying compliant with labor laws. 7shifts, a leading workforce management platform, helps food truck owners become more efficient in scheduling and team communication, making operations more efficient. As you work toward launching your food truck, having the right tools and systems in place will set you up for success.